Ancient Civilizations

Principal figure of ancient Greek literature; the first European poet. Two epic poems are attributed to Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey.

From The Cambridge Guide to Women's Writing in English
Female poet who lived and wrote on the Aeolian island of Lesbos in the 7th century BC.

C.582–c.507 B.C., pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, founder of the Pythagorean school, best known for two teachings: the transmigration of souls and the theory that numbers constitute the true nature of things.

C.495–429 B.C., Athenian statesman.

484?–425? B.C., Greek historian, called the Father of History, b. Halicarnassus, Asia Minor.

C.496 B.C.–406 B.C., Greek tragic dramatist, younger contemporary of Aeschylus and older contemporary of Euripides, b. Colonus, near Athens.

480 or 485–406 B.C., Greek tragic dramatist, ranking with Aeschylus and Sophocles.

Philosopher (c. 460 - c. 370 B.C.); particularly made his mark in the application of his theories of the universe to everyday morality and the simple goal of living a good life.

C.448 B.C.–c.388 B.C., Greek playwright, Athenian comic poet, greatest of the ancient writers of comedy.

C.450–404 B.C., Athenian statesman and general.

469–399 B.C., Greek philosopher of Athens.

427?–347 B.C., Greek philosopher. Plato's teachings have been among the most influential in the history of Western civilization.

384–322 B.C., Greek philosopher, b. Stagira.He tutored Alexander the Great and founded the Peripatetic School.

C.430 B.C.–c.355 B.C., Greek historian.

Or Alexander III, 356–323 B.C., king of Macedon, conqueror of much of Asia.

The Macedonian generals and administrators who succeeded Alexander the Great.

341–270 B.C., Greek philosopher; defined philosophy as the art of making life happy and strictly subordinated metaphysics to ethics, naming pleasure as the highest and only good.

Greek mathematician (fl. 300 B.C.) whose works, and the style in which they were presented, formed the basis for all mathematical thought and expression for the following 2,000 years (although they were not entirely without fault).

287–212 B.C., Greek mathematician, physicist, and inventor. He is famous for his work in geometry (on the circle, sphere, cylinder, and parabola), physics, mechanics, and hydrostatics

Roman statesman and moralist. He fought in the Second Punic War and later served as quaestor (204), aedile (199), praetor (198), consul (195), and censor (184).

Roman general and dictator, considered Rome's most successful military commander.

Marcus Licinius Crassus, d. 53 B.C. A member of the First Triumverate, with Pompey and Caesar.

106 B.C.–48 B.C., Roman general, the rival of Julius Caesar and member of the First Triumverate.

c.83 B.C.–30 B.C., Roman politican and soldier. Rival of Octavian (later Augustus) and lover of Cleopatra.

63 B.C.–A.D. 14, first Roman emperor, a grandson of the sister of Julius Caesar.

59 B.C.–A.D. 17, Roman historian. Livy's history reflects his admiration for the civilization of early Rome, and his belief that the importance of history was its applicability to contemporary life.

Or Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) 70 B.C.–19 B.C., Roman poet, b. Andes dist., near Mantua, in Cisalpine Gaul.

(Publius Ovidius Naso) 43 B.C.–A.D. 18, Latin poet, b. Sulmo (present-day Sulmona), in the Apennines.

Foremost Greek hero of the Trojan War. Achilles, the object of widespread hero worship, is the main character of Homer's epic The Iliad.

In Greek mythology, a victim of slander who was sent against the monstrous chimera, which he killed with the help of Pegasus, a winged horse.

In Greek mythology, the most beautiful of women; daughter of Leda and Zeus , and sister of Castor and Pollux and Clytemnestra.

In Greek mythology, an immortalized hero (Roman Hercules); son of Zeus and Alcmene; and famed for his strength.

In Greek legend, son of Laius, king of Thebes, and his wife, Jocasta. When Oedipus was grown, he learned from the Delphic oracle that he would kill his father and marry his mother.

From Who's Who in Classical Mythology, Routledge
The mythical founder of Rome in the year 753 BC.

In Greek mythology, a hero of Attica , who was believed to have united the states of the area under a constitutional government in...